Contract Labour In India: Legal Exploitation Or Economic Necessity? A Critical Socio-Legal Analysis
- IJLLR Journal
- Aug 6
- 1 min read
Bhavay Khanna, Delhi Metropolitan Education, GGSIPU
ABSTRACT
This research paper explores the complex landscape of contract labour in India, highlighting the legal, socio-economic, and policy dimensions of its existence and growth. Contract labour has become an integral part of India’s industrial ecosystem, spanning a wide spectrum of roles from skilled to unskilled jobs. However, this form of employment is often marked by wage disparities, lack of job security, exclusion from statutory benefits, and substandard working conditions when compared to permanent employees. The paper examines the key legislations governing the rights and protections of contract workers, including the Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition)
Act, 1970, along with allied statutes such as the Employees’ Provident Funds Act, Employees’ State Insurance Act, and the Factories Act. Despite these legal safeguards, gaps in implementation and enforcement continue to expose contract workers to vulnerabilities. Through an analysis of legal frameworks, judicial precedents, and ground realities, the study reveals the systemic challenges faced by contract labourers in securing fair wages, safe workplaces, and social security. The paper further presents reformative suggestions to enhance the dignity of labour, including equitable benefits, improved health and safety standards, and legislative changes. It concludes by emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that respects both the operational flexibility required by industries and the rights of the workforce. A robust regulatory mechanism is crucial for fostering inclusive growth and labour justice in India’s evolving economy.
Keywords: Contract Labour, Labour Laws, Social Security, Wage Inequality, Occupational Safety, Employee Rights.
