Evolving Doctrines In Public International Law: A Critical Review Of Landmark Jurisprudence From Global Tribunals

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Nihal Kumar, Parul Institute of Law, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat

ABSTRACT

This article undertakes a systematic analysis of pivotal cases that have shaped the modern landscape of public international law. Drawing from decisions of the International Court of Justice (ICJ), the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS), the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), and the International Criminal Court (ICC), the study categorizes case law across core thematic areas such as state responsibility, the use of force, international legal personality, maritime delimitation, and international criminal law. Through an examination of these judgments, the article highlights the interpretative strategies used by international tribunals to clarify unsettled legal questions, reinforce foundational norms, and adapt the law to emergent global challenges. The analysis also explores the dynamic interplay between customary international law and treaty obligations, offering a comprehensive perspective on the doctrinal evolution of international law and its expanding scope of accountability.

EVOLVING DOCTRINES IN PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW- A CRITICAL REVIEW OF LANDMARK JURISPRUDENC.

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