Forensic Evidence, Legal Testimony And The Criminal Justice System Of India

Suhani Das, B.B.A. LL.B., KIIT Law School, KIIT DU

ABSTRACT

This research paper delves into the intricate relationship between forensic evidence, legal testimony, and the criminal justice system of India, emphasizing their crucial roles in criminal investigations and judicial proceedings. It highlights the significance of forensic evidence in establishing guilt or innocence, as well as its pivotal role in determining facts and identifying perpetrators. By analysing case studies such as the Aarushi- Hemraj Murder1 Case, the Nirbhaya Gang Rape2 Case, and the Mumbai Terror Attacks3, the paper explores the challenges and opportunities within India’s criminal justice system. It provides insights into the strengths and weaknesses of forensic evidence and legal testimony, aiming to offer recommendations for improvement. This study aims to elucidate the vital role of forensic evidence in criminal investigations and its profound impact on the administration of justice in India. Through a comprehensive overview of forensic science and its historical development in the Indian context, the paper thoroughly examines various types of forensic evidence, including digital, biological, physical, and trace evidence. It meticulously analyses the interplay between forensic evidence, legal testimony, and judicial verdicts, drawing insights from real-world case studies to inform recommendations for enhancing India’s criminal justice framework.

Keywords: Criminal Justice and Investigations, Digital Footprints, Evidence, Legal Framework, Science.