Land Titling And Property Rights In India: Need For A Uniform Real Estate Regulatory Code

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Ishmeet Kaur, BA LLB, Delhi Metropolitan Education, Affiliated with GGSIPU

ABSTRACT

India’s land titling framework remains unstable and fragmented, continuing to undermine investor confidence, real estate development and public welfare. Despite reforms such as the RERA Act 2016, core structural deficiencies like including unclear land titles, legal ambiguities, inconsistent state regulations, and overlapping administrative mandates persist. The systematic flaws generate discretionary decision-making prolonged dispute resolution processes, and widespread mistrust among purchasers and developers. The paper argues that the absence of a unified national framework has hindered the creation of a transparent, reliable, and citizen- oriented property system. The way forward lies in a combined legal- institutional transformation that incorporates technological innovations such as blockchain-based registries and digital cadastres, alongside specialized mechanisms like Title Tribunals. A comprehensive framework that strengthens both urban development and rural land protection is essential to securing property rights. India is now positioned to transition toward an open, trustworthy, and investment-friendly land governance system that prioritizes transparency, efficiency, and the welfare of its citizens.

LAND TITLING AND PROPERTY RIGHTS IN INDIA- NEED FOR A UNIFORM REAL ESTATE REGULATORY CODE

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