The Evolution Of Consumer Protection Law In India: A Detailed Analysis
- IJLLR Journal
- 6 days ago
- 1 min read
Aditi Singh & Syed Zaid Alvi, Symbiosis Law School, Noida
ABSTRACT
This research article aims to critically examine and explain how consumer protection law operates in India. It provides an in-depth discussion of the Consumer Protection Act of 1986 and the Consumer Protection Act of 2019, highlighting the role of judicial decisions in shaping consumer protection jurisprudence. The study underscores the transition from the traditional legal principle of caveat emptor (let the buyer beware) to caveat venditor (let the seller beware), emphasizing the increased responsibility of sellers and manufacturers to ensure product quality and safety. The 1986 Act established a three-tier redressal system and defined consumer rights, laying the groundwork for consumer protection in India. However, its limitations in addressing challenges posed by modern markets, such as e-commerce and digital transactions, prompted the introduction of the more suitable 2019 Act. The Consumer Protection Act of 2019 introduced significant changes, including broader definitions of "consumer" and "service," stricter product liability provisions, and measures to combat misleading advertisements and unfair trade practices. Additionally, the Act established the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) to uphold consumer rights and streamline the redressal process. This article also examines how the 2019 Act addresses contemporary issues like online shopping, multi-level marketing, and global supply chains, as well as traditional concerns that were insufficiently covered by the 1986 Act. It discusses how the law has adapted to the evolving consumer landscape while identifying areas that require further enhancement. The study concludes with recommendations for improving consumer protection mechanisms, aiming to make redressal systems fairer and more efficient in the digital era.
