The Responsibility To Protect: An Evolving Norm In International Law
- IJLLR Journal
- 7 hours ago
- 2 min read
Arshia Nagpal, Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies, GGSIPU
ABSTRACT
The Right to Protect was unanimously adopted in 2005 at the UN summit, the largest meeting of heads of state and government in history. This is expressed in paragraphs 138 and 139 of the resulting document of the World Summit :Since the adoption of the duty to protect in 2005, the UN Secretary General has taken steps to develop this principle and guide its practical implementation. The implementation of the principle was regularly considered by member states in official and informal meetings, and this principle was repeatedly mentioned and confirmed in relevant UN resolutions. Other actors supported the implementation of the principle.
The duty to protect - known as R2P - is an international norm designed to ensure that the international community can never again stop mass atrocities such as genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity. The concept arose in response to the failure of the international community to adequately respond to the mass atrocities committed in Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia in the 1990s. The International Committee on Intervention and State Sovereignty developed the concept of R2P in 2001.
Although the duty to protect doctrine was formally established in the early 2000s, the historical development of the duty to protect doctrine can be traced back to the development of international norms and responses to humanitarian crises, with its earliest roots in the development of international humanitarian law. , which arose largely in response to the Holocaust and World War II atrocities, and whose direct paths can be traced back to the 1990s of the developments of the years at the end of the Cold War. The international community's renewed ability to deal with threats to peace was viewed optimistically. and security, and worked together to protect human rights in one of the early fair trials of that resolution. The international community responded collectively to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1991, when a vast coalition of nations worked to force Iraq under the authority of the UN Security Council to leave the country, but other attempts soon followed, and the response of the international community was less effective, three in particular worth noting.
