After Acquittal: Examining The Impact Of False Rape Allegations
- IJLLR Journal
- Oct 14
- 1 min read
T K Pranavesh, SRM Institute of Science & Technology
ABSTRACT
Reforms to sexual-offence law in India have prioritized survivor protection and faster access to justice for victims of sexual violence. Yet, an unexamined counter-reality exists: the phenomenon of false rape allegations. While sexual violence devastates lives, malicious accusations too inflict irreparable harm—social, psychological, and economic—on the falsely accused.
This paper explores the legal definitions of rape, the distinction between false, unfounded, and unproven cases, and the motives that drive fabricated complaints, from interpersonal vendettas and family pressure to extortion and tactical misuse. Drawing on case law, empirical studies, and recent judicial observations, it examines the systematic injuries and socioeconomic consequences suffered by those wrongfully accused.
The discussion culminates in remedies and safeguards aimed at striking a difficult but essential balance: preserving the presumption of innocence without undermining protections for genuine survivors. By shining light on this neglected dimension of sexual-offence law, the paper raises an urgent question—how can justice systems protect both survivors and the innocent, without letting either fall through the cracks?
Keywords: Rape law, false rape allegations, malicious prosecution, presumption of innocence, misuse of protective legislation, victim anonymity, rights of the accused, socioeconomic consequences of false accusations.
