AI As A Tool, Not A Judge: Examining The Boundary Between Mechanical Tasks And Human Judicial Intelligence In The Indian Legal System

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Ms. Soumya Mittal, Independent Legal Researcher, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India

ABSTRACT

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly present in India's legal landscape,. from translating judgments and searching databases to assisting with contract drafting. Yet a critical question remains unanswered in most public discussions: where exactly does AI's competence end and human intelligence begin?. This paper argues that AI is genuinely effective when it performs mechanical, repetitive,.volume-based tasks that require no judgment - what the paper calls 'backend labor.' However, AI fails, and fails dangerously, when it is asked to perform tasks that require contextual. understanding, legal intuition, ethical reasoning, or human judgment. The paper draws on actual judicial practice in. India, including the Supreme Court's SUVAS translation system, the SUPACE case management tool, the growing fake citation crisis, and the ongoing debate around AI-assisted adjudication, to demonstrate that the line between what AI can and cannot do is not a matter of technology alone - it is a matter of jurisprudence, constitutional principle, and the very meaning of justice..

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence;. Human Intelligence; Indian Judiciary; Judicial Decision-Making; Legal Technology.

401. AI AS A TOOL, NOT A JUDGE- EXAMINING THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN MECHANICAL TASKS AND HUMAN

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