Analysis And Use Of DNA Evidence By Indian Courts In Criminal Matters
Aditya Shrivastava, LL.M., UGC-NET, Ph.D. (Pursuing), Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore
ABSTRACT
Scientific evidence, particularly DNA profiling, has become an indispensable tool in modern legal proceedings for both criminal investigations and civil disputes. By utilizing advanced biochemical techniques to extract and analyze unique genetic compositions, DNA testing offers high scientific precision to accurately identify the guilty and exonerate the wrongfully convicted. Within the Indian criminal justice system, the integration and increasing judicial reliance on DNA evidence mark a significant milestone in forensic adjudicatory practices. Indian courts have continually validated its strong evidentiary value, provided the biological samples are collected, preserved, and analyzed according to established scientific protocols. The paper studies the analyse and approach of Indian courts regarding admission and use of that DNA evidence and in light of principles of criminal law, justice and the right to a fair trial. It examines the cautions adopted by Indian courts while scrutinizing DNA expert testimony and extent for which corroboration by other evidentiary materials is needed for ensuring a holistic, balanced, and fair pursuit of justice.
