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CJP Protest And Its Suppression: A Constitutional Analysis
Manjula Kumari, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow ABSTRACT The right to peaceful assembly and protest are the foundational pillar of democracy, guaranteed and protected under Article 19(1)(a) and 19(1)(b) of the Constitution. The right is not absolute it may be subjected to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(2) and 19(3). Assembly that turn unlawful, violent, or threaten public order may be dispersed by the police under statutory provisions governing unlawf
IJLLR Journal
7 hours ago1 min read
Beyond The Auction Debate: How India’s Administrative Assignment Of Satellite Spectrum Gives Effect To The ITU’s Equitable Access Mandate
Sanat Nandkishore, National Law Institute University, Bhopal Prathviraj Singh Sikarwar, National Law Institute University, Bhopal ABSTRACT India’s satellite broadband market stands at the threshold of commercial launch, and it does so on the strength of a framework that the Government has built with considerable care. The Telecommunications Act 2023 settles the mode of assignment by placing satellite-based services in the First Schedule, which removes them from the default ru
IJLLR Journal
7 hours ago2 min read
From Mere Existence To A Life Of Dignity: The Expanding Scope Of Article 21
Hridya Vinod, B.B.A. LL.B. (Hons.),Sree Narayana Law College, Poothotta, Ernakulam, Kerala ABSTRACT Article 21 of the Constitution of India provides that no person shall be deprived of life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. Though expressed in a single sentence, the provision has become one of the most dynamic guarantees in Indian constitutional jurisprudence. The Supreme Court of India has progressively transformed Article 21 from a primar
IJLLR Journal
7 hours ago2 min read
Greenwashing And Corporate Accountability In India: Rethinking ESG Claims Through The Lens Of Consumer And Securities Law
Taiseem Rafique Ahmed Chachadi, University Law College & Department of Studies in Law, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India ABSTRACT Companies now talk about the environment constantly, in annual reports, advertisements, investor presentations and on their websites, and ESG has moved from a voluntary extra to something that shapes how capital is allocated. Greenwashing is the legal problem that follows: an environmental impression that is stronger than the eviden
IJLLR Journal
7 hours ago1 min read
Ensuring Fair Access To Finance: A Legal Critique Of Credit Rating Practices For Small And Medium Enterprises (SMEs)
Mirdula Varshni D, School of Law, SRM Institute of Science and Technology ABSTRACT Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a critical role in India’s economic development, yet they face persistent barriers to formal credit access. To have wide access to finance they approach Credit Rating Agencies to get their Enterprise level ratings to attract investors. A key structural obstacle lies in the credit rating methodologies employed by Credit Rating Agencies (CRAs) such as SMER
IJLLR Journal
7 hours ago1 min read
Legislative And Judicial Development In Legal Aid: A Critical Analysis
Apoorva Jaiswal, Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University ABSTRACT As observed by Justice Lewis F. Powell: Equal justice under law is not merely a caption on the facade of the Supreme Court building; it is perhaps the most inspiring ideal of our society. It is one of the ends for which our entire legal system exists... it is fundamental that justice should be the same, in substance and availability, without regard to economic status. Everyone has a right to legal aid irre
IJLLR Journal
7 hours ago1 min read
Victim Compensation Schemes In India
Shivam Bhuwania, B.B.A LL.B. (H), Amity Law School, Patna ABSTRACT Victim compensation is an important part of the criminal justice system and victims' rights. Traditionally, the justice system primarily focuses on punishing the offender, but less importance was given to the suffering experienced by the victim and their loss. Victims may have suffered mental trauma, financial loss, medical expenses, and loss of life also. Providing compensation to victims does not completely
IJLLR Journal
7 hours ago1 min read
A Critical Analysis On Male Rape In Prison
Sanlap Khanra, S’O’A National Institute of Law ABSTRACT In Indian correctional systems, there is a significant underreporting of male rape which is committed due to overcrowding, hierarchical structure of jails, poor monitoring system, social stigma, and a culture of silence. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, contains provisions which are gender specific in relation to rape, thus leaving a huge protection gap for adult male and transgender survivors. The paper critical
IJLLR Journal
7 hours ago1 min read
The Rights Of Children Of Incarcerated Person And Role Of Mediation: A Critical Appraisal
Saheba Shams, Kumail Asghar & Mohd Imran ABSTRACT Children of Incarcerated Parents (CoIP) is a group which is legally invisible in the margins of the criminal justice system in India. Almost 73.5% of India's inmates are undertrials, meaning that an estimated 800,000 to 900,000 children are exposed to extreme socio-economic and psychological situations without any transitional care system. Due to the rigid six-year cut-off policy in prisons enforced by R.D. Upadhyay, children
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago2 min read
Analysing The Merger Of Mercy West & Seattle Grace Hospital In The Show: Grey’s Anatomy
Kimaya Gupta, NMIMS, Kirit P. Mehta School of Law ABSTRACT The structure followed by ‘Seattle Grace’ and ‘Mercy West’ hospitals is a typical A+B=C i.e., a merger, to create the ‘Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital’. The Seattle Grace Mercy West transaction falls within the ambit of inorganic growth. Rather than attempting to resolve its financial and operational difficulties exclusively through internal measures, Seattle Grace combined with another established hospital like Mer
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago1 min read
The Constitutionalisation Of Business Regulation In India: Transnational Influences On Competition, Corporate Governance And Digital Markets
V. Rajasaravanan, Assistant Professor,Chennai Dr. Ambedkar Government Law College, Pattaraiperumpudur. Dr. V. Jeyaseelan, Assistant Professor,Chennai Dr. Ambedkar Government Law College, Pattaraiperumpudur. ABSTRACT This article examines how Indian business regulation is gradually being constitutionalised, that is, brought within the discipline of Fundamental Rights, judicial review and constitutional values, rather than being treated as a purely technical or statutory field.
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago1 min read
Justice By Privilege? Constitutional Paradoxes And Structural Inequality In Dissolving Marriages Under Article 142
Harsh Chawla, National Law Institute University, Bhopal Aditya Nigam, National Law Institute University, Bhopal ABSTRACT Since 2023, the Supreme Court of India has repeatedly invoked Article 142 of the Constitution to dissolve marriages on the ground of irretrievable breakdown, a ground absent from the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, and to waive the mandatory cooling-off period for divorce by mutual consent under Section 13-B. The Constitution Bench decision in Shilpa Sailesh v Va
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago2 min read
Beyond The Moratorium: Recalibrating Personal Guarantor Liability Under The Insolvency And Bankruptcy Code After The 2026 Amendment
Sheefali Sharma, B.A LL.B.,University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun Uttarakhand A Contemporary Analysis of Section 96(4), Pending Proceedings and the Creditor-Guarantor Balance ABSTRACT The bankruptcy system has been fundamentally revamped in respect of personal guarantors of corporate debtors by the Bankruptcy and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Act, 2026. The operation of the interim moratorium under section 96 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 would conti
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago1 min read
Sirius Black: A Comparative Study Of The Victim Of Judicial Stripping Of Human Rights InA Harry Potter Novel And That Of A Judicial Verdict In 1994 West Bengal
Ms. Madhurai Gangopadhyay, Research Scholar, Department of English, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal ABSTRACT In this paper, the researcher attempts an analysis of the judicial stripping of human rights in respect of the character of Sirius Black, who features from the third book onwards as quite an important character through J.K.Rowling’s Harry Potter series, but occupies the central part of the plot in the third book of series - Harry Potter and the Prisoner of
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago2 min read
Case Note: X Versus The Principal Secretary, Health And Family Welfare Department, Govt. Of NCT Of Delhi & ANR (2022)
Janet John, Symbiosis Law School, Hyderabad ABSTRACT In the matter of X v. Principal Secretary, Health and Family Welfare Department, Government of NCT of Delhi & Anr. (2022), the Supreme Court has deeply departed from the traditional marriage-oriented approach in understanding reproductive autonomy in this country. The case presented an important issue of whether the provision 3B of the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Rules, 2003 should deny unmarried women the right of ext
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago1 min read
Deemed Abandonment In Trade Mark Oppositions: A Note On Ace Foods Pvt. Ltd. V. Registrar Of Trade Marks
Krithika Sathyanandam, Advocate, Practising before the Madras High Court ABSTRACT In ACE Foods, the Madras High Court set aside an order treating a trade mark application as abandoned because the applicant’s evidence affidavit, filed in time during the Covid lockdown, carried neither signature nor attestation. The Court said that section 21 of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 attaches deemed abandonment to a missing counter-statement and to nothing else, held Rule 46(2) of the Trade
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago1 min read
The Digital Wildlife Bazaar: Platform Accountability For Illegal Animal Trade In India
Pallavi Lakhera, Research Scholar, Faculty of Law, University of Allahabad, India ABSTRACT Illegal wildlife trade in India increasingly begins with a reel, listing or private message rather than a physical market. Public posts advertise protected birds, reptiles, live exotic animals and wildlife products; negotiations then move to direct messages, encrypted applications and online payments. Indian wildlife law can punish the seller, while information-technology law conditiona
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago1 min read
From CSR To BRSR Core: A Doctrinal Analysis Of India's ESG Regulatory Framework
Pyla Dhanunjay, Research Scholar, School of Law, Pondicherry University, Puducherry Dr. Shyamtanu Pal, Assistant Professor, School of Law, Pondicherry University, Puducherry ABSTRACT Over the past decade, the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) regulations in India have undergone a significant transformation, shifting from being merely voluntary corporate social responsibility guidelines to becoming a complex disclosure practice. This article undertakes a comprehensiv
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago2 min read
A Forum Without A Deed: Compulsory Registration, Section 49 And The Limits Of Separability In Immovable Property Arbitration
Jaskiran Kaur, National Law Institute University, Bhopal ABSTRACT When the Supreme Court held in In Re Interplay that an unstamped instrument is inadmissible but not void, and that stamping objections belong to the arbitral tribunal rather than the referral court, it was widely read as closing a decade of litigation about defective instruments and arbitration. It closed only half of it. SMS Tea Estates had decided two questions, one about stamping and one about registration,
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago2 min read
Admissibility Concerns Of Metadata And E2EE Technology: Evidentiary Necessity V. Encryption
Sree Satya Vaishnavi Musunuri, BAJ-LLB (Hons.), ICFAI Law School, Hyderabad, Telangana. ABSTRACT As humankind has rapidly evolved from computers to artificial intelligence, the judiciary has shifted from accepting physical documents as evidence to accepting metadata, WhatsApp messages, and other electronic evidence. Among these, end-to-end encryption is taking the front line. Although electronic evidence has been recognised in previous legislation, such as the Indian Evidence
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago1 min read
Security For Costs Without A Power To Order It: Third-Party Funding And The Structural Asymmetry Of Indian-Seated International Commercial Arbitration
Jaskiran Kaur, National Law Institute University, Bhopal ABSTRACT The Indian debate on third-party funding has settled into a familiar shape. Funding is lawful but unregulated; the Delhi High Court has held that a funder who never agreed to arbitrate cannot be made to pay a costs award; and the standard prescription is that India should mandate disclosure and make funders liable. This article argues that the prescription misidentifies the defect. The problem exposed by Tomorr
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago2 min read
The Role Of The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) And National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) In Strengthening Corporate Governance And Judicial Overview By Supreme Court And High Courts
Chandhana K U, CSI College For Legal Studies, Kanakkary, Kottayam INTRODUCTION Corporate governance refers to the system of rules, principles, processes, and institutional mechanisms through which a company is directed, managed, and controlled. Corporate Governance is the system by which companies are directed and controlled. According to Bhagat & Bolton, “Corporate Governance is the set of laws, procedures and processes that guide and manage a company.” It seeks to ensure tr
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago1 min read
Tides Of Resilience: Social Impact Journalism On Women Fisherfolk In India
Mohanraj T P, Research Scholar, GLC Ernakulam Dr. Lekshmi G R, Assistant Professor, GLC Ernakulam Dr. Anoop K K, Assistant Professor, FFM KUFOS ABSTRACT Women Fisherfolk in India play a critical role in the fisheries value chain from pre-harvest activities to processing, marketing, and community support yet their contributions remain largely invisible in policy, media, and formal recognition. Social impact journalism that highlights these gendered experiences not only amplifi
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago1 min read
India’s 2016 Model Bit And UNCITRAL ISDS Reform: Compatibility, Sovereignty And Influence
Makwana Hempallavi Govindbhai, LLM, Gujarat National Law University, Gandhinagar. ABSTRACT Investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS) has become the subject of growing scrutiny over regulatory autonomy, procedural efficiency, adjudicatory legitimacy and the balance between investor protection and State sovereignty. The Model Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) of 2016 represents a significant modification of its investment-treaty policy through narrower substantive protections, i
IJLLR Journal
8 hours ago1 min read
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