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Artificial Intelligence, Public Policy, And Fraud: Rethinking Enforcement Under The New York Convention




Shahida Parween, Law College Dehradun


ABSTRACT


As it guarantees the acceptance and enforcement of foreign arbitral rulings, the New York Convention, 1958 continues to be the cornerstone of international commercial arbitration. But the public policy exception under Article V(2)(b) has consistently led to doctrinal ambiguity, especially when combined with fraud accusations. Differentiating between strategic, merit- based arguments masquerading as enforcement objections and actual violations of fundamental public policy remains a challenge for courts throughout jurisdictions. This paper critically analyses how public policy and fraud are interpreted in many important jurisdictions, such as Singapore, the United States, the United Kingdom, India, and Switzerland. It contends that the pro-enforcement goal of the Convention is weakened and arbitral finality is compromised by inconsistent judicial procedures.


In this study, artificial intelligence (AI) is introduced as a judicial decision- support tool that can help courts uncover fraud-related risk patterns, identify baseless public policy arguments, and improve consistency in enforcement outcomes. The paper suggests a technologically informed, appropriate, and globally harmonized paradigm for enforcement review by incorporating AI- driven tools like Natural Language Processing (NLP), predictive analytics, and human-in-the-loop governance frameworks. The study comes to the conclusion that AI can greatly improve the legitimacy, effectiveness, and consistency of arbitral award enforcement under the New York Convention when used morally and as an auxiliary rather than adjudicatory instrument.


Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Public Policy, Fraud, Arbitrability, Enforcement, Convention of New York, Judicial Intervention.



Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research

Abbreviation: IJLLR

ISSN: 2582-8878

Website: www.ijllr.com

Accessibility: Open Access

License: Creative Commons 4.0

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All research articles published in The Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

 

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The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the IJLLR or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the IJLLR.

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