Automated Decision-Making By The State In India: Constitutional Accountability Under Articles 14 And 21
- IJLLR Journal
- Feb 4
- 1 min read
Pernica Shankar, Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies (IPU, Delhi)
ABSTRACT
The use of technology in public administration is increasing in India, and more government decisions are being made with the help of algorithms. While these systems promise efficiency and objectivity, they also raise important questions about transparency and accountability. Many algorithms function as “black boxes,” and it is often unclear how decisions are made or who is responsible if something goes wrong. This paper looks at the constitutional challenges of algorithmic decision-making in India. By examining Articles 14 and 21, and key court cases like Puttaswamy and Maneka Gandhi, it considers how algorithms may affect equality, privacy, and personal liberty. The paper argues that without proper legal safeguards, automated systems risk reinforcing biases and violating citizens’ rights. A stronger focus on transparency, human oversight, and a “technological due process” is necessary to ensure these tools protect rather than harm fundamental freedoms.
Keywords: Automated Decision-Making, State Accountability, Article 14, Article 21, Rule of Law.
