top of page

Beyond Motive: Moral Disengagement, Remorse, And What Real Reform Requires




Sanskar Sharma, BBA LLB (Hons.), MIT-WPU School of Law Research Intern, Centre for Crime Sciences and Forensic Intelligence


ABSTRACT


Discussions of crime often begin by identifying an offender's motive. Financial gain, anger, revenge, jealousy, personal pressure, or difficult circumstances are commonly used to explain why an offence took place. While motive helps explain what an offender wanted, it does not explain how the offender came to see harmful behaviour as acceptable. This article argues that understanding serious offending requires moving beyond motive to examine moral disengagement, remorse, empathy, and evidence based rehabilitation. Drawing on existing research in criminal psychology and offender rehabilitation, the article explains how offenders may justify harmful actions by minimising the consequences, shifting responsibility, blaming victims, or changing the way they think about their behaviour. It also distinguishes guilt, shame, regret, and remorse, arguing that these emotional responses should not be treated as identical. The article further examines why empathy, although important, cannot by itself demonstrate rehabilitation or predict future behaviour. Finally, it argues that genuine reform should not be assessed through apologies or emotional expression alone. Instead, it should be evaluated through responsibility taking, cognitive change, behavioural consistency, victim awareness, and measurable reduction in future risk. Understanding the psychology of offending does not weaken accountability. Rather, it helps criminal justice systems make more informed decisions while protecting victims, supporting rehabilitation where appropriate, and reducing the likelihood of future offending.


Keywords: Moral disengagement, offender rehabilitation, remorse, empathy, criminal justice, risk assessment, offender psychology, accountability, behavioural change, desistance.



Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research

Abbreviation: IJLLR

ISSN: 2582-8878

Website: www.ijllr.com

Accessibility: Open Access

License: Creative Commons 4.0

Submit Manuscript: Click here

Licensing: 

 

All research articles published in The Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

 

Disclaimer:

The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the IJLLR or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the IJLLR.

bottom of page