Ashish Ranjan Tiwari, Amity Law School, Amity University Kolkata
Anu Kumari, Amity Law School, Amity University Kolkata
INTRODUCTION
Bail is a crucial component of any criminal justice system, as it guarantees the accused individual the right to a fair trial and the preservation of personal liberty. It serves as a mechanism to ensure the accused person's freedom while also safeguarding the interests of society. The concept of bail has evolved to strike a balance between individual rights and the broader societal concerns related to the alleged crime.
The practice of granting bail is rooted in the fundamental right to liberty, which dictates that no person should be deprived of their freedom without a reasonable and just procedure. Bail, as defined in Black's Law Dictionary, refers to the security, such as cash or bond, required by a court for the release of a prisoner who is obligated to appear in court at a later date. The Supreme Court of India has described bail as a technique that synthesizes the right of the accused person to enjoy personal freedom with the public interest, ensuring that release is contingent upon the surety's commitment to produce the accused person in court for trial.
However, the practice of granting bail is often viewed as vague and inconsistent. Factors such as the amount of the bail bond, considerations for granting bail, and the conditions imposed in the bail bond contribute to this perception. The apex court in India has emphasized the need for a case- by-case examination of the facts and circumstances before granting bail.
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