Can Forensic Psychology Help In Understanding Criminal Behaviour: An Analysis Of Psychological Factors In Crime
Harnita Prasad, LLM (Business Law), School of Excellence in Law, The Tamilnadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University.
ABSTRACT
In India crime remains a significant social and legal concern. The changing patterns and increasing complexity of criminal activities have created serious challenges for individuals, institutions and law enforcement agencies. These developments highlight the need to understand not only the nature of crime but also the psychological factors that may influence criminal behaviour. Forensic psychology applies psychological knowledge and principles to the legal and criminal justice system and provides a framework for examining the behaviour and psychological characteristics of individuals involved in criminal activities. Against this background, this paper asks Can forensic psychology help in understanding criminal behaviour? The study examines the relationship between psychological factors such as personality, emotions, cognitive processes, childhood experiences, mental disorders and behavioural patterns and their possible influence on criminal conduct. It further explores the role of forensic psychology in understanding offenders, psychological assessment, criminal investigation and rehabilitation. The paper adopts a doctrinal and qualitative approach, relying on secondary sources including academic literature, psychological research, legal materials, case law and relevant institutional reports. The study also examines the limitations of attributing criminal behaviour solely to psychological factors, recognising that crime may result from the interaction of psychological, social and environmental influences. The paper argues that forensic psychology can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of criminal behaviour when applied through scientifically informed assessment and multidisciplinary approaches. It is expected that the study will highlight the significance of integrating psychological perspectives into criminal justice while maintaining appropriate ethical and professional safeguards. The research ultimately seeks to demonstrate how forensic psychology can contribute to improved understanding, assessment and rehabilitation of individuals involved in criminal behaviour.
Keywords: Forensic Psychology, Criminal Behaviour, Psychological Factors, Criminal Justice, Psychological Assessment.
