Cross-Border Mergers And Acquisitions And Their Effect On The Indian Economy: A Study Of Legal Procedure, Regulatory Framework And Economic Impact
Ansh Gupta, Delhi Metropolitan Education, affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University.
ABSTRACT
Cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A) have become a central mechanism through which Indian companies integrate with the global economy, either by acquiring or merging with foreign entities (outbound transactions) or by being acquired by or merged into foreign companies (inbound transactions). This paper examines the legal and procedural framework governing cross-border M&A in India, traces the step-by-step process a transaction typically follows, and analyses the effect of such transactions on the Indian economy, including foreign direct investment (FDI), employment, industrial consolidation, and regulatory reform. The paper draws on primary regulatory sources, government data, and documented transactions such as the Vodafone–Idea merger and the Walmart–Flipkart acquisition to ground the analysis in verifiable fact rather than conjecture.
