Fake Encounters: A Comparative Study Of India, Iran And USA
- IJLLR Journal
- Mar 31
- 1 min read
Divyajot Kaur Bhasin, LLM, Amity Law School, Amity University, Punjab
ABSTRACT
Fake encounters also known as extrajudicial killings, are one of the most debatable aspects of contemporary policing and state authority. They befall when law enforcement organisations deliberately assassinate suspects without adherence to the precise legal procedures and then proclaim that the occurrence was a self-defence or an armed skirmish. Despite the strong condemnation of such practices by the International Human Rights law the reports of extrajudicial killings still continue to be surfaced in a number of jurisdictions globally. This study scrutinizes the spectacle of fake encounters by comparing India, Iran and the United State of America and also aims at analysing the key case studies, legal rulings, legal frameworks governing the usage of lethal force, and accountability systems in the above-mentioned countries. Iran has often faced severe criticism for state-approved extrajudicial accomplishments in the context of political suppression and law enforcement, while India has been accused of staged encounters and judicial intrusions to stop them. Despite functioning under a constitutional framework that restricts the use of fatal force by police; racial bias and police shootings continue to persist in the United States of America. The study draws attention to the parallels and inconsistencies in legal regulation, accountability edifices, and human rights insinuations through comparative analysis. In order to restrict the practice of extrajudicial killings and to improve the democratic governance, the study's conclusion lays stress upon the implication of the Rule of Law, autonomous investigations, and recommended institutional reforms.
Keywords: Fake encounters; Extra-judicial killings; Rule of Law; Unlawful killings; Law enforcement agencies.
