Forensic Psychology And Medical Evidence In Indian Criminal Trials: A Doctrinal And Judicial Analysis
- IJLLR Journal
- 1 hour ago
- 1 min read
Arshpreet Kaur, Rayat Bahra University, Mohali
ABSTRACT
The increasing reliance on scientific methods in criminal investigation has significantly transformed the evidentiary framework of Indian criminal trials. Among these developments, forensic psychology and medical evidence have emerged as critical tools in establishing culpability, assessing credibility, and ensuring procedural fairness. This article undertakes a doctrinal and judicial analysis of the role of forensic psychology and medical evidence within the Indian criminal justice system. It critically examines the statutory framework under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, and analyses key judicial pronouncements of the Supreme Court and High Courts concerning the admissibility, probative value, and limitations of expert evidence. The study further explores challenges such as evidentiary misuse, lack of standardized forensic infrastructure, and judicial inconsistency in evaluating expert testimony. By adopting a doctrinal research methodology supported by case law analysis, the article highlights the need for greater scientific integration, judicial sensitivity, and regulatory reforms. The article concludes by proposing legal and institutional reforms to strengthen the reliability and ethical application of forensic psychology and medical evidence in criminal trials, thereby enhancing the accuracy and fairness of criminal adjudication in India.
