Invisible Scars: The Overlooked Mental Health Crisis In India’s Juvenile Justice System
Kanishka Singhal, Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies, Delhi
ABSTRACT
The Juvenile Justice System in India primarily focuses on rehabilitation and reintegration rather than retribution. However, one crucial dimension remains grossly under-addressed: the mental health of juveniles in conflict with the law. This research explores the often-ignored psychological trauma experienced by these children many of whom are themselves victims of abuse, poverty, and systemic neglect. Despite legislative advancements such as the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, and India’s obligations under international frameworks like the UNCRC, there remains a glaring absence of mandatory mental health screening, counseling, or long-term psychological support. This paper critically examines the existing legal and institutional frameworks, identifies key gaps, and offers practical recommendations for embedding trauma-informed care within the juvenile justice process. The aim is to shift the narrative: from viewing juvenile offenders merely as violators of the law to recognizing them as vulnerable individuals deserving of protection, healing, and a meaningful second chance.
