Platform Workers And Labour Protection: A Study Of Swiggy And Zomato
- IJLLR Journal
- 2 hours ago
- 2 min read
Sivalaeshwar N P., B.A LL.B. (Hons.), School of Law, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan University, Tiruchirappalli.
Nethraja R., B.Com LL.B. (Hons.), School of Law, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan University, Tiruchirappalli.
ABSTRACT
The rapid expansion of the digital economy has transformed traditional employment relationships across the world. In India, online platforms such as Swiggy and Zomato have created new employment opportunities through app-based food delivery services. These workers are commonly referred to as “platform workers” or “gig workers.” While such platforms offer flexible working hours and easy entry into the labour market, they also raise important concerns regarding labour protection, social security, and employment rights. Platform workers are usually classified as independent contractors rather than employees, which excludes them from many labour law protections such as minimum wages, paid leave, insurance benefits, and collective bargaining rights.
This article examines the legal status and labour protection of platform workers in India, with specific reference to food delivery workers employed by Swiggy and Zomato. The study analyses the challenges faced by gig workers within the existing labour law framework and evaluates the reforms introduced through the Code on Social Security, 2020. It also examines important judicial developments and policy debates regarding whether gig workers should be treated as employees or independent contractors.
The research highlights that although the new labour codes recognize gig workers for the first time in Indian labour law, significant gaps remain in ensuring adequate protection. Issues such as algorithmic management, income insecurity, lack of social security benefits, and absence of grievance mechanisms continue to affect platform workers. Through doctrinal analysis of statutes, case law, and policy documents, the article argues for stronger legal safeguards and regulatory frameworks to ensure fairness and dignity for gig workers. The study concludes that the future of labour law must adapt to the digital economy by balancing technological innovation with the fundamental rights and welfare of workers.
Keywords: Gig Economy, Platform Workers, Labour Protection, Swiggy, Zomato, Social Security Code 2020, Labour Law, Digital Platforms.
