Two Decades Of Competition Law In India: Evolution, Enforcement, And Emerging Challenges
- IJLLR Journal
- May 1
- 1 min read
Rasika, BCom. LL.B. (Hons.), Amity University, Noida
ABSTRACT
This article examines the Competition Act, 2002, and its enforcement in India, with a focus on key statutory provisions, landmark enforcement cases, and sector-specific market dynamics. Sections 3 and 4 of the Act prohibit anti-competitive agreements and abuse of dominance, while Sections 5–6 regulate mergers (“combinations”). We discuss seminal cases—such as the cement cartel investigation under Section 3, Google’s antitrust scrutiny, and the Amazon–Future Group–Reliance deal—to illustrate the law’s application. Judicial pronouncements (from appellate tribunals and the Supreme Court) have shaped how the Act is implemented, defining the scope of appeals and evidentiary standards. Sectoral examples from telecommunications, pharmaceuticals, and digital platforms highlight unique competition challenges. Finally, we propose policy reforms – including bolstering the CCI’s capacity, expediting case adjudication (through specialized competition courts), and adapting the law to digital-market realities (algorithmic collusion, data monopoly) – to enhance India’s competition framework.
Keywords:Competition Act 2002; Competition Commission of India (CCI); anti-competitive agreements; abuse of dominance; mergers; cartel; digital economy; sectoral regulation; policy reform.
