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Virtual Justice: India's Metaverse Challenge




Kumkum, B.A LL.B (Hons.) Geeta Institute of Law affiliated with Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra [Approved by BCI]


ABSTRACT


The metaverse, a virtual reality space, offers a transformative platform for India’s judiciary through virtual courts where avatars replace physical presence. This essay critically examines whether such courts can deliver justice under India’s legal framework, including the Information Technology Act, 2000, and the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023. It identifies challenges like jurisdictional ambiguity, evidence authenticity, privacy risks, and ethical dilemmas, using a socio-legal and philosophical lens to ask: Can justice remain human in a digital realm? Drawing on India’s e-Courts project, global practices like Estonia’s blockchain evidence system, smart contracts, and case studies, the essay proposes reforms such as virtual jurisdiction rules, encryption standards, and accessibility measures. It aims to provide a roadmap for India’s judiciary to adopt virtual courts while ensuring fairness, contributing to the discourse on law and technology.



Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research

Abbreviation: IJLLR

ISSN: 2582-8878

Website: www.ijllr.com

Accessibility: Open Access

License: Creative Commons 4.0

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Licensing: 

 

All research articles published in The Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

 

Disclaimer:

The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the IJLLR or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the IJLLR.

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