Wildlife Conservation In India: Challenges, Frameworks, And Future Directions
- IJLLR Journal
- 5 minutes ago
- 1 min read
Mrs. Kaveri Borah, Research Scholar, Department of Law, Mahatma Gandhi University, Meghalaya
ABSTRACT
Wildlife conservation has emerged as one of the most critical environmental priorities of the twenty-first century, especially in biodiversity-rich countries such as India. The accelerated pace of habitat destruction, climate change, poaching, human-wildlife conflict, and rapid industrial expansion has placed immense pressure on ecological systems. India, which harbors nearly 8% of the world’s biodiversity, faces acute challenges in protecting its flora and fauna despite its extensive legal and institutional frameworks. The present research paper examines wildlife conservation from a multidisciplinary perspective, evaluating ecological dynamics, policy evolution, socio- economic factors, and conservation technologies. It also investigates the effectiveness of flagship conservation policies—including the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972; Project Tiger; Project Elephant; and community-based conservation models—to understand their impacts and limitations. Through a critical analysis of ecological data, field-based studies, and governance mechanisms, this paper argues that wildlife conservation must transition from protection-centric approaches to holistic, landscape-level, community- participatory, and technologically augmented strategies. The study concludes by proposing policy reforms and research priorities that can strengthen India’s conservation regime in the decades ahead.
Keywords: Wildlife Conservation, Poaching, Habitat loss, Biodiversity.
