Suparna Banerjee, Assistant Professor of Law at Shyambazar Law College (Affiliated To University of Calcutta)
ABSTRACT
Forensic science plays a major role in our criminal justice system. Since the main aim of the legal system of any country is to provide justice, this object can only be achieved if the courts properly detect the culprit to safeguard the rights of the victim. Here the forensic science would be of immense help to the criminal justice system. The origin of the forensic science is ancient with the first autopsy being performed on Julius Caesar. Even in ancient India and the middle eastern countries the original form of a lie detection or something similar to the polygraph test used to be performed to determine the guilt of the accused. Physicians and Scientists like Sir William James Herschel, Henry Faulds, Francis Galton and Sir Edward Richard Henry have contributed a great deal to forensic techniques that are being used in modern times. India too witnessed several investigating agencies and bureaus for forensic investigation in several states. Today a lot of technological developments have taken place in the field of forensic science all over the world and also in India like Hair Bacteria Assessment, DNA phenotyping, 3D Photography technology, forensic palynology, alternative light photography and other such techniques. There are several provisions in the criminal laws of India that support forensic evidence and there is a great utility of such evidence in our legal system. In India several cases have arisen where courts have utilised forensic evidence and the Criminal Procedure Identification Bill 2022 increases its importance greatly.
Keywords: Justice, technology, Criminal Procedure Identification Bill 2022, criminal laws, legal system, evidence.
