Rijuka Roy Barman, Amity University, Kolkata
ABSTRACT
The Gandhian Concept of Gram Swaraj embodies a vision of self-sufficient, self-governing village republics, deeply rooted in the principles of democratic decentralization. Gandhi's philosophical thoughts on Panchayati Raj emphasize local self-governance, where power is devolved to the grassroots level, ensuring political participation and socio-economic development from the bottom up. Swaraj, or self-rule, for Gandhi, was not merely political independence from colonial rule but a holistic concept encompassing individual freedom, collective self-reliance, and moral governance.
Swarajya through Panchayati Raj entails the establishment of decentralized governance structures, enabling citizens to have a direct say in their local affairs, thus embodying true democracy. The guiding principles for the Panchayati Raj, as envisioned by Gandhi, include simplicity, voluntary service, local self-sufficiency, and moral authority over political power. These principles aim to foster an environment where the social, economic, and spiritual needs of the community are met through collective effort and cooperative spirit.
Realizing Swarajya and enhancing the people’s participation through Panchayati Raj requires a transformation in societal values and governance structures, aligning them with Gandhian ideals of non-violence, self- sufficiency, and trusteeship. This involves empowering village assemblies (Gram Sabhas) to make decisions on local issues, manage resources, and ensure accountability and transparency in governance.
This paper reflects how the Gandhian Concept of Gram Swaraj presents a transformative vision of governance that champions the ideals of democratic decentralization, self-reliance, and ethical leadership. It proposes a model where true democracy is lived and experienced at the grassroots level, ensuring social justice, economic equity, and a harmonious existence with nature, thereby making Swaraj a tangible reality for all.
Keywords: Gram Swaraj, Swarajya, Panchayati Raj, Democratic Decentralization, Gandhian concept, Gram Sabhas
