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Media Freedom Vs Media Trial: A Constitutional Study Of Free Speech And Regulatory Controls In India
Jeyachandrika L, School of Law, Christ University ABSTRACT The media occupies a pivotal position in a constitutional democracy. In India, the freedom of speech and expression guaranteed under Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution forms the bedrock of press freedom and ensures an informed citizenry, transparency, and accountability in governance. At the same time, the rise of sensationalism, competitive journalism, and 24×7 news cycles has given birth to the phenomenon of "medi
IJLLR Journal
Feb 181 min read
Training AI On Copyright Works: Is India Moving Towards a Compulsory Licensing Regime?
Ananya Karan, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management Studies, GGSIPU ABSTRACT The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has led to the worldwide debate of the legality of training AI models on copyrighted content. The US goes mostly by the principle of fair use, the European Union has a kind of opt out system, and India has taken a different path altogether. In a move that kind of surprised everyone, India backed a royalty - based compulsory blanket
IJLLR Journal
Feb 181 min read
Effectiveness Of The Third Party In Resolution Of Internal Armed Conflicts And The Role Of Mediation
Sehar Gupta, Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law ABSTRACT This paper seeks to bring forth the effectiveness of the third party in resolution of internal armed conflicts and the role of mediation under the preview of comparative importance of various independent variables involved. The cases of Aceh, Mindanao, Kashmir and Sri Lanka have been analysed and observed to map the South Asian trend for third party mediation. The paper tries to bring forth the various essential el
IJLLR Journal
Feb 181 min read
Technological Disadvantages Against Women: Evaluating India’s Legal And Judicial Framework
Dhruv Jayeshbhai Shah, Faculty of Law, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda ABSTRACT The article examines how digital technologies in India simultaneously expand opportunities for women and intensify gendered vulnerabilities. It first traces the rise of technology facilitated violence against women, including cyberstalking, image-based abuse, deepfakes and financial scams, situating these harms within the digital gender divide and low levels of women’s digital literacy
IJLLR Journal
Feb 181 min read
Transforming Constitutional Governance: The Dual Role Of Judicial Activism And Restraint
Priyanka Pakhare, Balaji School of Law (BSL), Sri Balaji University Pune ABSTRACT The Constitution of India stands as the living framework of a nation, reflecting its core values, principles, and institutional design. Within this structure, judicial activism plays a crucial role in upholding constitutional governance, particularly in addressing modern human rights issues that outdated legal provisions may not adequately cover. The judiciary’s function in safeguarding human ri
IJLLR Journal
Feb 182 min read
Foreign Direct Investment, Private Equity Consolidation, And Cartelization In Indian Healthcare: A Study On Competition Law Gaps And Policy Imperatives
Mahesh K, Degree M Labs Sreenidhi M, SASTRA Deemed University ABSTRACT Foreign direct investment (FDI) has transformed India’s hospital sector from mission-driven care providers into vertically integrated, investor-controlled healthcare conglomerates, generating unprecedented consolidation across hospitals, pharmaceuticals, devices, diagnostics, and insurance. This paper argues that the resulting private equity (PE)–driven ecosystems pose a distinct cartelization risk, as coo
IJLLR Journal
Feb 181 min read
Custodial Torture In India: Constitutional Guarantees Vs. Ground Realities
Ayushi Vaid, LLM, Faculty of Law, University of Delhi. ABSTRACT Custodial violence remains one of the most heinous violations of human rights in India since it is deeply entrenched in the operational ethos and institutional framework of the police system. By focusing on standpoint of law enforcement, this research explores the complex social and institutional factors that facilitate torture. The research further explores how hierarchical constraints, political pressure, insuf
IJLLR Journal
Feb 181 min read
Bridging The Digital Divide: Challenges And Reforms In Electronic Evidence Law
Kaustubh Singh, Xavier’s Law School, St Xavier’s University, Kolkata ABSTRACT In today’s digital age, electronic evidence plays a pivotal role in both criminal and civil litigation. The Indian Evidence Act, 1872, as amended by the Information Technology Act, 2000, recognizes electronic records as documentary evidence. Section 65B of the Evidence Act provides a special procedure for the admissibility of electronic records, particularly when presented as secondary evidence. Thi
IJLLR Journal
Feb 181 min read
Preserving The Legacy Of West Bengal's Conch Shell Craftsmanship For Future Generations: A Necessity Of GI
Indranil Chakrabarty, Department of Law, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune ABSTRACT A distinctive cultural legacy that has been carried down throughout generations of artists is West Bengal's conch shell craft. But the craft is up against a number of obstacles, including as the loss of conventional expertise, competition from low-quality imitators, and a lack of protection. In this research paper we go over the importance of Geographical Indications (GI) in maintaining t
IJLLR Journal
Feb 181 min read
Efficacy Of The Witness Protection Scheme 2018: Challenges, Judicial Responses, And The Road Ahead
Dhiraj Kumar Mishra, University Department of Law, Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India. Anamika Kumari, University Department of Law, Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India. ABSTRACT Witness protection is a critical component of any criminal justice system that aspires to uphold fairness, transparency, and the rule of law. In India, the absence of a statutory witness protection framework has historically resulted in intimidation, coe
IJLLR Journal
Feb 181 min read
Consent Within Marriage: Rethinking Exception 2 To Section 63 BNS
Kanak Patware, Amity Law School, Noida, Uttar Pradesh ABSTRACT Rape is one of the most serious and violent crimes. It affects the victims both physically and mentally. This paper aims to examine the validity of Exception 2 of Section 63 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 which excludes sexual intercourse or sexual act by husband with his own wife not below eighteen years of age from the definition of Rape. This exception is based on the principle that wife is the property of hus
IJLLR Journal
Feb 182 min read
A Constitutional And Statutory Analysis Of Conflict Between Accused And Victim Rights In Indian Justice System
Aishwarya Patil, School of Law, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore ABSTRACT Balancing the rights of the accused and victims remain one of the most pressing challenges in India’s criminal justice system. Traditional legal principles, such as “innocent until proven guilty” and “let hundreds of guilty be acquitted, but one innocent should not be convicted”, demonstrate the strong adherence to the ideals of not letting the people suffer injustice. While these safeguards
IJLLR Journal
Feb 182 min read
Reverse Mergers And Regulatory Arbitrage In Indian Capital Markets
Suhana John & Arunima Kumar, Amity Law School ABSTRACT Reverse mergers have historically functioned as an alternative route for private companies to access public capital markets without undergoing the rigors of an initial public offering. In India, regulatory interventions by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) have sought to curtail the use of reverse mergers as instruments of regulatory arbitrage. This paper critically ex
IJLLR Journal
Feb 181 min read
Deepfake Pornography And Criminal Law Of India: The Crises Of Legal Classification
Saloni Shashank Patil & Satya Prakash Mishra, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj University, Panvel, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India ABSTRACT Major strides have been taken by artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years, and it has consequently assumed a pivotal role in the production of synthetic media. “Deepfake pornography” is a by-product of such contemporary AI technologies. It brings forth profound legal difficulties that present-day criminal law struggles to regulate properly
IJLLR Journal
Feb 172 min read
Collective Bargaining As A Substitute For State Adjudication: A Jurisprudential Study Of Indian Labour Law
Melanie Veera Saldanha, Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Vijayendra Kumar M, Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai 1. ABSTRACT Historically, in India, the resolution of industrial disputes has been accomplished through State adjudication as provided under labour legislation, particularly through the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. Though this legal provision for the resolution of industrial disputes has been found to have been designed and developed as an initial meas
IJLLR Journal
Feb 172 min read
From Whitechapel To Behavioural Evidence: What Forensic Profiling Can—And Cannot— Infer About Jack The Ripper
Ishaan D. Joshi, Consulting Forensic and Criminal Intelligence Expert, Visiting Faculty, MIT-WPU School of Law ABSTRACT The Jack the Ripper case remains a foundational reference point in criminal psychology because it lies at the intersection of behavioural evidence and cultural myth. This paper examines what forensic profiling can responsibly infer from the surviving late-Victorian record, and where such inference becomes speculative. Rather than attempting to identify the o
IJLLR Journal
Feb 171 min read
Artificial Intelligence And Copyright Law: A Comparative Analysis Of Authorship, Ownership, And Protection In The Digital Age
Himani Dhingra, Law College Dehradun, Uttaranchal University Satyam Sharma, Law College Dehradun, Uttaranchal University ABSTRACT The advent of artificial intelligence as a creative industry has essentially challenged the normative rules of copyright across the world. This paper explores the legal implications of AIcreated works in different countries around the world, assessing the way different jurisdictions deal with critical challenges of authorship, ownership, and copyri
IJLLR Journal
Feb 171 min read
Vikriti Evam Prakriti: Understanding LGBTQ Identities In Hindu Religious Texts
Riya Maniyar, Srushti Yadav & Surabhi Vaidya,KES’ Shri Jayantilal H. Patel Law College, Affiliated to University of Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. ABSTRACT The understanding of gender and sexuality in ancient Hindu civilisation is remarkably pluralistic and nuanced, in stark contrast to the strict modern binary. Using mainly Vedic literature, epics, mythological stories, medical treatises, and classical texts like the Kama Sutra, this research study investigates how gend
IJLLR Journal
Feb 171 min read
Corporate Accountability In A Globalized Economy
Gracy Tanwar, National Law University, Odisha ABSTRACT In the twenty-first century, the relationship between corporations and society has significantly changed because of globalisation. The rise of multinational corporations (MNCs), internationalisation of production and supply chains, and an increase in financialisation of the global economy has broadened the influence and ability of business actors. Globalisation has improved efficiency, stimulated innovation, and created o
IJLLR Journal
Feb 171 min read
Mens Rea In Economic Offences Under Indian Criminal Law: Legislative Dilution, Judicial Resistance, And The Limits Of Regulatory Criminalisation
Vijay Kumar, Jannayak Karpoori Thakur Vidhi Mahavidyalaya, Buxar (Bihar) ABSTRACT The doctrine of mens rea has historically functioned as the moral and jurisprudential foundation of criminal liability under Indian criminal law. Rooted in the common law maxim actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea , the requirement of a culpable mental state ensures that criminal punishment is reserved for blameworthy conduct. However, the rapid expansion of economic regulation in India has ge
IJLLR Journal
Feb 171 min read
Navigating The Constitutional Contours Of Section 176(3) BNSS: The Forensic Mandate
Dr. T. Padma, Assistant Professor, KV Ranga Reddy Law College, Affiliated to Osmania University, Gagan Mahal, Hyderabad, Telangana - 500029 ABSTRACT The enactment of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, signals a transformative shift in India's criminal justice system, most notably through the introduction of Section 176(3). This provision mandates forensic investigation for offences punishable by seven years or more, transitioning forensic science from a disc
IJLLR Journal
Feb 171 min read
The Road Crisis In Tax-Burdened India - Examining The Dynamics And Challenges Of Public Accountability
Anju Mathew, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) ABSTRACT The ultimate objective of the paper is how to improve the overall economic growth of the country by ensuring the public concerns are taken into consideration and how the government is supporting this from their side. This paper examines the complex and pressing road catastrophe in India framed within the boarder context of increasing tax burdens and public accountability challenges. It orderly examines the legal and insti
IJLLR Journal
Feb 172 min read
Towards A Greener Future: Consumer Rights And Legal Framework For Global Sustainability
Nayana M S & M C Usharani, JSS Law College, Mysuru ABSTRACT The quest for greener tomorrow is contingent upon the robust legal framework that enshrines consumer rights, ensures sustainable consumption, and stimulates transitions towards the circular economy. As the green agenda becomes increasingly intense, the role of consumers is central to ensuring sustainable action and thereby they are to be empowered to make informed decisions that can influence responsible consumption.
IJLLR Journal
Feb 171 min read
Confined Spaces, Compromised Health: Health Disparities Among Female Sex Workers In India And The United Kingdom - Insights From Brothels Of Pune, Maharashtra, India
Dr. Prashant Narnaware (IAS) & Dr. Ujwala Bendale, Associate Professor, Bharati Vidyapeeth New Law College, Pune ABSTRACT In India, female sex workers (FSWs) are a severely underprivileged group with many unmet healthcare needs. The intricate interactions of obstacles that characterize their existence are the cause of this dire circumstance. Their workplaces vary widely, ranging from very safe to intrinsically dangerous. Crucially, obtaining basic healthcare, food, and housin
IJLLR Journal
Feb 171 min read
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