Mr Ashish Shahi, Assistant Professor, Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti Language University Lucknow. Introduction The digital age has transformed the criminal justice landscape by making electronic data ubiquitous in investigations. Crime today often involves computers, smartphones, cloud services and social media, producing vast amounts of “cyber evidence.” In response, India’s legislature and judiciary have struggled to adapt 19th-century laws to 21st-century technology. The Informat

Kirubakaran S, LLM, Christ University, Bangalore ABSTRACT Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) has emerged as a trans-formative mechanism for efficiently resolving disputes in the rapidly expanding e- commerce sector. The increase in digital transactions has led to a simultaneous rise in small claims disputes including defective products, payment issues, and delivery delays. Traditional court systems struggle with backlog and procedural delays that disproportionately affect consum

Viveka S, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore ABSTRACT The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, has had a major impact on India’s child rights jurisprudence. It mainly focuses on the treatment of juveniles aged between 16 and 18 accused of heinous crimes. This change has been driven by the public demand for accountability after the 2012 Nirbhaya case. The act introduced Section 15, which empowers the Juvenile Justice Board to conduct a prelimi

Anshika Kumari, National Law University, Odisha, Jomjar Padu, National Law University, Odisha I. Introduction The rise of generative AI has changed creativity in different ways which refuses long term held notions relating to authorship and originality. Copyright law since long assumed that creativity in humans is the product of skill, labour and imagination. Machine learning systems nowadays, trained on huge data sets are writing poetry, composing music, creating visual art,

Prof. Gopal Prasad, Professor, Department of Political Science, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur Arya Verma, Research Scholar, Department of Political Science, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur ABSTRACT The paper is a overall study of Indian judiciary’s vital role in safeguarding and advancing women’s constitutional rights through the principle of judicial review, through which courts preserve fundamental rights to counter the actions of

Jhilmil Dyundi, Navrachana University ABSTRACT This book review critically examines George Orwell’s Animal Farm as a political allegory that explores the dynamics of power, revolution, and the corruption of ideals. Through a detailed analysis of the novel’s characters, narrative structure, and symbolic elements, the review demonstrates how Orwell uses animal fable to reflect the historical trajectory of the Russian Revolution and the rise of Stalinist dictatorship. The discus

Deepansh Bhargava, BA LLB (H), IILM University, Greater Noida ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the evolving legal status of LIRs in India, focusing specifically on their recognition within the framework of Hindu Law and the subsequent role of judicial activism. This is because, historically, Hindu family law revolved around the sacramental institution of Vivaha, or marriage, which did not provide any statutory recognition for cohabitation outside of marriage. This resulted in a m

Neelam, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar “The law meant to protect childhood must not become the sword that destroys it.” ABSTRACT The aim of POCSO is protection, not prosecution of young ones. We cannot safeguard children by criminalising their developmental years. The Protection Of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012, is one of India’s most stringent children’s protection laws, based on the belief that minors cannot legally consent to sexual activity. However

Padmakshee Pani, Birla Global University, Bhubaneswar ABSTRACT Hindu law states that legitimate consent is a prerequisite for marriage. According to Hindu marriage law, people who have mental illnesses or disabilities that interfere with their ability to get married or raise a family are not allowed to get married. Despite being meant to protect consent, the clause is out-of-date, unclear, and devoid of procedural protections, which causes varying court interpretations and dr

Revaa P.G, Presidency University, Bengaluru ABSTRACT India’s Biological Diversity Act, 2002 is a landmark framework for the purpose of conserving biological resources, regulating access and for one of the most important aspects that is equitable benefit sharing. While it is widely applied to the terrestrial ecosystems, its relevance with respect to marine biodiversity has remained majorly overlooked. For generations together, the fishing and coastal communities in India have

Monika Tyagi, CPJ College of Higher Studies & School of Law, GGSIPU ABSTRACT The case of Dr. Nupur Talwar v. Central Bureau of Investigation (2017) is one of the most complex and widely discussed examples of how circumstantial evidence is used in Indian criminal law. The Aarushi–Hemraj double murder case of 2008 raised serious concerns about the reliability of forensic procedures, the fairness of investigations, and the role of media in shaping judicial perception. This paper

Nishant Nayan, Research Scholar, P.G Department of History, Magadh University Bodhgaya ABSTRACT The evolution of the judicial system in India from the ancient to the pre- medieval era reflects the rich tapestry of socio-political, cultural, & philosophical developments that shaped legal practices. This study examines the foundational legal frameworks established during the Vedic & pre-Vedic periods, emphasizing the importance of dharma as the moral & ethical cornerstone of ju

Kiran Mai, LLM, Faculty of Law, University of Delhi ABSTRACT The Public Trust Doctrine has gradually emerged as a cornerstone of environmental law, positioning the State as a guardian of natural resources, obligated to protect them for present and future generations. Its foundations lie in Roman law and the common law tradition, and its significance was further recognized in international instruments like the Draft International Covenant on Environment and Development (1995).

Darshanram Karthik S, Chettinad School of Law, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education Aparna Reddy T, Chettinad School of Law, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education Mrs. Jehibha N, Assistant Professor of Law, Chettinad School of Law, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education ABSTRACT The Income Tax Act, 1961 confers expansive discretionary powers upon income tax authorities for assessment, investigation, and enforcement of direct taxation. This doctrinal research

Rishabh Dwivedi, Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies ABSTRACT The historic labour welfare system in India has always been contextually bound to the labour wage regulation system as a way of harmonizing the industrial productivity and social justice. Based on the idea that no employee is to be paid less than the price of living, the idea of minimum wages was born as a remedial response to the colonial period oppression and economic disparity. In 1948 with the introdu

Suyash Kant Shukla, Faculty of Law, Banaras Hindu University ABSTRACT Personality rights in India, though grounded in the right to privacy under Article 21 of the Constitution, lack a clear and comprehensive statutory framework. As a result, courts have become the primary drivers in shaping the contours of these rights, particularly through disputes involving celebrities and commercial exploitation of identity. Recent decisions of the Delhi and Bombay High Courts have highlig

Akshat Chaudhary, Hidayatullah National Law University “Legal literacy is not merely awareness of the law — it is the power to ponder, evaluate, assess, accept or challenge before appropriate forum, any law or rule made for us.” In a democracy that begins with the words “We, the People,” understanding the law should be as fundamental as reading or writing. The legal literacy develops broader aspect of togetherness, respect and equality before law. Yet, for most of the childre

T. Jackson Shalom, BBA LL.B. (Hons.), Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan University ABSTRACT The Hindu Joint Family (HJF), formalized in law as the Hindu Undivided Family (HUF), embodies a distinctive legal institution evolving from ancient Vedic traditions to modern statutory provisions in India. This paper explores the transformation of the HJF, emphasizing the radical changes brought by the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005, which granted daughters equal coparcenary rights with

R. Afrin Jakhan, LLB (Hons), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai ABSTRACT The important concerns regarding the legality and enforceability of contracts involving the use and exploitation of biological resources when contract law and environmental legislation come into conflict. This research analyses the relationship between the Biological Diversity Act of 2002, and Section 23 of the Indian Contract Act of 1872, in order to investigate the biolog

Riddhi Gupta, LLM, Amity Law School, Amity University, Noida ABSTRACT Article 370, which was crafted as a constitutional device in order to address the unique accession of Jammu and Kashmir to the Indian Union in 1947, embodied a distinctive kind of asymmetry within India’s federal structure. Though it was labelled as a “temporary provision”, it evolved into a symbol of autonomy and a means for managing diversity. The constitutional arrangement took a decisive turn in August