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Intersecting Gender, Caste, And Religion Shapes Access To Child Welfare Programs
Aayush Khadka & Ajay Kumar Yadav ABSTRACT While the child welfare system in India has multiple programmes covering nutrition, education, protection and social security, access to these programmes is significantly unequal according to gender, caste, and religious factors. The study explores why some communities continue to be systematically excluded from welfare benefits despite constitutional protection, inclusive policy initiatives and decades of welfare growth. This article
IJLLR Journal
Dec 17, 20251 min read
Smell Marks And The Graphical Representation Requirement: A Critical Analysis On The Sumitomo Decision In India
Dr. Gulafroz Jan, Sr. Assistant Professor, Department of Law, School of Legal Studies, Central University of Kashmir ABSTRACT The acceptance of a rose-scented tyre as a trademark by the Indian Trade Marks Registry marks a significant development in the jurisprudence of unconventional trademarks. While the decision signals India’s willingness to engage with emerging forms of brand identification, it simultaneously exposes gaps in the doctrinal framework governing graphical rep
IJLLR Journal
Dec 17, 20251 min read
Protection Of Senior Citizen In India: A Socio- Legal Study
Malay Kumar Roy, Research Scholar, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, Amroha, Uttar Pradesh Dr. Rajvardhan, Assistant Professor, School of Law & Jurisprudence, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, Amroha, Uttar Pradesh ABSTRACT India is witnessing a demographic shift towards an ageing population, bringing the issues of senior citizen welfare and protection to the forefront. While traditional family structures have historically provided a safety net, rapid urbanizati
IJLLR Journal
Dec 17, 20251 min read
Execution Of Forensic Provisions Under The New Criminal Laws: Issues And Challenges
Neelakshi Dwivedi, Central University of South Bihar Prof. (Dr.) Pawan Kumar Mishra, Central University of South Bihar ABSTRACT The Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) and Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) have introduced a transformative shift in India’s criminal justice system, as forensic science playing an important role in improving the evidence-based investigations. Provisions such as Section 176(3) of Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita provides that mandatory integrati
IJLLR Journal
Dec 17, 20251 min read
Criminal Liability Of Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) Machines Under Indian Law: A Rethink On Mens Rea And Culpability
Kanchan, Assistant Professor (School of Law), MVN University, Palwal, Haryana ABSTRACT From a futuristic concept, artificial intelligence (AI) has developed into a vital component of daily life, impacting industries including healthcare, banking, and law enforcement. As these technologies become increasingly independent, they will be able to make choices and take acts that could have real-world repercussions even in the absence of human supervision. The foundations of crimina
IJLLR Journal
Dec 17, 20252 min read
Custody In Transit: A Critical Study Of Judicial Innovation Under Constitution And BNSS
Ajinkya Misal, B.A.LL.B. (Hons.), Maharashtra National Law University, Chhatrapati, Sambhajinagar (MNLUCS) ABSTRACT The doctrine of Transit Remand, though not explicitly mentioned in the criminal statute, has gradually evolved though the judicial precedents in India. Apart from serving only the procedural aspect of criminal justice delivery system, it is an important core stone protecting the fundamental rights of the arrested person. The constitution in its Part III, sheds l
IJLLR Journal
Dec 17, 20251 min read
Strategic Dissent In India's CIRP: Unpacking Incentives, Systemic Impacts, And The Quest For Efficiency
Gauraansh Arora, B.A, LL.B. (Hons.), National Law University, Jodhpur ABSTRACT India's Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 ( hereinafter , “ IBC ”) was designed with one of its core objectives being to balance stakeholder interests. When a Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process ( hereinafter, “ CIRP ”) is initiated, the Financial Creditors ( hereinafter, “ FCs” ) get the driver’s seat and the collective “commercial wisdom” of the Committee of Creditors ( hereinafter , “ CoC
IJLLR Journal
Dec 17, 20252 min read
Revenge Porn And Image-Based Sexual Abuse In India: Victimisation, Legal Responses, And Emerging Challenges
Kavitha T, The Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University ABSTRACT This article explores the escalating issue of revenge pornography and image-based sexual abuse (IBSA) in India from both victimological and legal perspectives. It assesses the psychological effects of IBSA on victims, emphasizing the persistent, borderless, and lasting nature of digital harm. The paper provides a critical analysis of India's current legal framework under the Information Technology Act and the Indi
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20251 min read
Citizen Participation And Whistle-Blower Protections In Anti-Benami Enforcement: Comparative Insights From India, The US, And The UK
Mr. Vikas Saharan, Research Scholar, School of Law, Sushant University, Gurugram Dr. Anjali Sehrawat, Associate Professor, School of Law, Sushant University, Gurugram ORCID: 0000-0002-0739-2575 ABSTRACT Envision a country where large territories of property are hidden behind a series of fictitious names, hidden owners, and opaque legal arrangements and the citizens who should be exposing them are quiet, oblivious, or unprotected. This is not a hypothetical situation, but is a
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20252 min read
Constitutional Dimensions Of The “Rarest Of Rare” Doctrine In Rape Cases
Vishwa Manjunath, School of Law, Christ (deemed to be) University ABSTRACT The application of the "rarest of rare" doctrine in cases of rape creates an essential constitutional deadlock due to the non-existence of clear constitutional parameters to determine situations in which sexual assault would be eligible for being punished through capital punishment. This research examines the constitutional vacuum that has emerged from the doctrine's expansion beyond homicidal crimes t
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20252 min read
Love, Law, And Conversion: The Politics Of Marriage In Sarla Mudgal V. Union Of India
Nivya Bhaskar, Jindal Global Law School I. INTRODUCTION Marriage, considered to be a sacred institution in India, is not just a contract between 2 people but is also deeply intertwined with social, religious, and legal expectations. The Sarla Mudgal v. Union of India (1995) case resulted in large public debates, primarily about the exploitation of religious conversion for the purpose of escaping legal restrictions placed under personal laws. The question that was debated upon
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20252 min read
Wildlife As Property
Anannya Jain, Jindal Global Law School, O.P. Jindal Global University 1. Introduction Is it possible to own wildlife like elephants, tigers, and lions in India? Section 39 of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 (WLPA) says no. Stating that all wild animals once captured, killed, or possessed become the property of the State Government. It is an offense under this provision for anyone to acquire, keep, or transfer such government property without permission. Thus, wildlife is
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20251 min read
Victims Of False Confessions - An Overview
Madhukrishna N, The Tamilnadu Dr Ambedkar Law University - School of Excellence in Law ABSTRACT Victims are persons, be it an individual or a group, who have suffered harm, loss, or injury caused by an act or omission which violates the criminal law. Such loss might me physical, psychological, emotional even deprivation of fundamental rights at some times. As this article is all about the victims of false confession. Whenever confession is concerned it is one of the most impo
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20251 min read
Silent Suffering: Understanding Post- Traumatic Consequences Among Rape Victims
Akshaya S, Tamilnadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University ABSTRACT Rape is one of the most traumatic forms of violence, leaving survivors with lifelong psychological and social consequences. While laws focus on punishing offenders, the silent suffering endured by victims in the aftermath remains largely invisible. This paper examines the post-traumatic consequences experienced by rape survivors through a victimological lens. It explores the emotional, psychological, and social wounds
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20251 min read
Voice Of The Voiceless - A Journey Of Public Interest Litigation In India
Prithvi Patel, Amity University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh ABSTRACT Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is an important judicial reform that reshaped the relationship between the courts, the state, and citizens. Emerged during the era of the late 1970s and early 1980s, public interest litigation turned out to be a powerful instrument to advance constitutional rights, especially for the marginalized and disadvantaged groups who lacked access to justice. This article uncovers the his
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20251 min read
Right To Counsel And Legal Aid As Essential Features Of A Fair Trial: A Constitutional And Jurisprudential Analysis
Kavitha T, The Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University ABSTRACT The right to a fair trial is a fundamental assurance enshrined in constitutional democracies and international human rights law, guaranteeing that justice is delivered impartially, transparently, and without bias. Among its key elements, the right to counsel and the provision of legal aid hold a pivotal role, especially in protecting the rights of the impoverished, marginalized, and those without legal representat
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20251 min read
Gender Neutrality In Practice: Protection Of Male Child Victims Of Rape Under The POCSO Act, 2012
Preety Anand, Chanakya National Law University, Patna ABSTRACT Child sexual abuse remains a critical issue in India, yet male victims have historically been marginalized in both law and social discourse. The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (POCSO), establishes a gender-neutral legal framework that recognizes all children as potential victims, addressing gaps in Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code and the proposed Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita. POCSO’s inclusi
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20251 min read
Emergency Arbitration In India: From Judicial Recognition To Legislative Reform
Anay Sahni, BA LLB (Hons.), Jindal Global Law School, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India Arjun Pawar, BA LLB (Hons.), Jindal Global Law School, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India ABSTRACT As courts worldwide face delays in delivering justice, arbitration has become a vital alternative for efficient dispute resolution. One of its most significant innovations is Emergency Arbitration (EA), which allows parties to seek urgent interim relie
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20252 min read
The Legality Of Digital Doppelgangers: A Study Of Evolving Personality Rights
Kirthana Nandha, Vellore Institute of Technology, School of Law ABSTRACT Personality is a vital part of every human being. It is what distinguishes one person from another: it includes the name, reputation, likeness, identity or any other characteristic trait of an individual. Generally, while every person has a right of exclusive control over any such aspect or trait of his/her personality, these rights are much more essential for celebrities like actors, sportspersons, sing
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20252 min read
The Effect Of Breach Of Contract On Ongoing Commercial Relationship
Shreya Sharma, Symbiosis International University, Pune 1. INTRODUCTION Converting informal conversations to a formal legally binding agreement, Contracts have been playing a significant as well as a critical role in commercial relationships, commanding over business’s commercial, financial and legal matters. Thus, “ Commercial contracts are those legally binding agreements commanding business transactions, timelines, obligations and repercussions in case of the party fails t
IJLLR Journal
Dec 16, 20252 min read
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