Sagara Sachin, Christ (Deemed to be University), Pune, Lavasa ABSTRACT The use of post-mortem examination reports (“PMRs” or “post-mortem reports”) in Indian criminal trials presents complex evidentiary questions. Though an autopsy report is treated as expert evidence under Section 45 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), Indian courts have long cautioned that a PMR “alone... is not a substantive piece of evidence”. In practice, PMRs generally serve to corroborate or supple

Deepak Patel & Shivangi Haldwani, LL.M. (IPR), National Law University, Delhi ABSTRACT This article discusses whether the copyright exhaustion doctrine (also known as the first sale doctrine) can be applied to hybrid software products, i.e. works that combine functional computer programs with substantial expressive elements such as user interfaces graphics icons, fonts, and templates. Comparative analysis shows that European Union law and Indian law have very different approa

Ayoushi Jain & Rishabh Dwivedi, Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies. ABSTRACT ‘Waqf’ is a religious and philanthropic institution in Islam, created for public welfare and community development, forming a significant part of religious endowments and is governed by statutory laws. However, over time the waqf administration has faced serious challenges, such as mismanagement, lack of transparency, unchecked powers of the Waqf Boards, and disputed claims over public and

Shrasti Singh, PhD Research Scholar, Department of Law, University of Lucknow ABSTRACT In accordance with the Biomedical Waste Management Rules and revised guidelines 2025, this study examines the responsibilities of operators of common biomedical waste treatment and disposal facilities (henceforth CBWTF). It is the duty of the CPCB, as a national prescribed authority, to formulate rules or recommendations pertaining to biomedical waste management in order to enhance the effi

Rudrali Deshpande, New Law College, BVDU I. INTRODUCTION The stark contrast of Mumbai’s mobile library vans, which lend smart devices to children so they could attend online classes during COVID-19, against the backdrop of remote rural areas, which are not able to access either the internet or devices, illustrates a much larger constitutional issue: how can we fulfil the RTE when there exists such a large digital divide in our society? The RTE guarantees free and compulsory e

Gyanendra Akrisht Tripathi, B.A.LL.B. (Hons.), School of Law, CHRIST (Deemed to be University). ABSTRACT The Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Bill, 2024 brings about the most comprehensive amendment to India's arbitration regime post-2015, 2019 and 2021 amendments. Introducing a plethora of substantial changes, from codification of emergency arbitration to constitution of Appellate Arbitral Tribunals and digitisation of arbitration proceedings, the Bill reflects a str

Ashwath Chitranshi & Aryan Sharma, B.B.A. LL.B. (Hons.), Bennett University, School of Law, Greater Noida ABSTRACT The rise of platform-mediated labour has fundamentally altered the traditional contours of the employer-employee relationship. In India, this transformation has produced a workforce of approximately 12 million gig and platform workers as of 2024-25 a figure projected to exceed 23.5 million by 2029-30 who remain structurally exposed to income volatility, occupatio

Ms. Tina Benny & Dr. Kuldeep Chand ABSTRACT The emergence of third-party funding (TPF) in international arbitration has introduced the role of external investors who bear the costs of arbitration in return for a portion of the award. TPF bolsters the ability of previously disadvantaged parties to pursue justiciable and otherwise financially unconceivable claims. However, it also contrasts with the principles of justice and structural processes of integrity, independence, and

Neha Bhuwania, LLM-SOL Presidency University Kishore Kumar D, LLM-SOL Presidency University ABSTRACT Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly becoming an integral part of our lives, impacting decision-making in sectors such as health, finance, governance and digital services. AI offers efficiency, innovation and convenience, but it also presents significant privacy challenges. AI’s reliance on vast, often sensitive, personal data sets and opaque decision- making processes

Sathiya S, Government Law College, Villupuram ABSTRACT The Supreme Court’s decision in Hanuman Laxman Aroskar v. Union of India represents a pivotal advancement in India's environmental law by reinforcing the importance of procedural integrity within the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) framework. The Supreme Court annulled the Environmental Clearance (EC) issued for the Mopa International Airport project due to significant omissions in the EIA report, which included the

Mrs. Samundeeswari S, LL.B., Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, Vels University ABSTRACT The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 introduced the Section 15 preliminary assessment mechanism enabling children aged sixteen to eighteen accused of heinous offences to be tried as adults — a paradigm shift from the absolute age shield upheld by the Supreme Court in Salil Bali v. Union of India (2013). This article critically examines t

Priya Pandey, B.A.LL.B., Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law, Mumbai ABSTRACT The right of private defence under the Indian Penal Code is an essential part of criminal law that allows individuals to protect themselves and their property in situations of immediate danger. Since the state cannot always provide instant protection, the law recognises that a person may need to act independently to prevent harm. This paper examines the legal framework provided under Sections 96 to 106

Jithin George, Christ (Deemed to be University) Vijaishree Dubey Pandey, Christ (Deemed to be University) ABSTRACT Climate change is reconfiguring the occupational safety and health (OSH) landscape at an unprecedented pace, creating overlapping physical, ecological, and psychosocial hazards. This article employs the One Health framework to examine the nexus between ambient air pollution, climate- induced occupational risks, and the psychosocial well-being of workers in India,

Saumya Singh, Department of Law, RKDF University, Bhopal, India Asst. Prof. Shubhi Gupta, Department of Law, RKDF University, Bhopal, India ABSTRACT Blockchain arbitration has gained a lot of attention in recent years due to its potential to drastically alter the way legal disputes are settled. This article examines the potential outcomes of using blockchain arbitration technology. Blockchain arbitration uses blockchain technology to facilitate transparent and efficient dispu

Gauri Shukla, B.A. LL.B. (Hons.), Jagran Lakecity University, School of Law, Bhopal ABSTRACT The enactment of the General Anti-Avoidance Rule (GAAR) under Chapter XA of the Income-tax Act, 1961, represents one of the most significant shifts in India’s tax jurisprudence in recent decades. For the better part of seven decades, Indian tax law operated under the long shadow of the Westminster principle, the judicial endorsement of a taxpayer's right to arrange their affairs so as

Ishwita Mondal, NIMS University, Jaipur Neha Bhowmik, NIMS University, Jaipur Joysree Das, NIMS University, Jaipur ABSTRACT In this 21st century innovation and technology is fostering very rapidly where the whole world is connected through internet and becoming digitalized. The concept of digital market has also evolved, consumer use digital market for shopping and even for making payments as well. The digital market works on the basis of data collected and algorithms, which

Kripalinee Mohapatra & Loknath Prasad Sahoo, Birla Global University, Bhubaneswar ABSTRACT Evolution of women’s property and inheritance rights in India is a significant move from patriarchal values to formal legal equality for women. From being restricted under various personal laws, women’s property and inheritance rights have come a long way with colonial and post-colonial legal interventions, including constitutional adjudication and legislative reforms. The Hindu Success

Anisha Aswal, Research Scholar, Law College Dehradun, Uttaranchal University, Uttarakhand Ashutosh Mishra, Assistant Prof., Law College Dehradun, Uttaranchal University, Uttarakhand ABSTRACT Dealing with waste has become a big issue worldwide because of growing industries, cities and populations. These changes bring major risks to the environment and people's health. This article looks at the laws that handle waste management and checks how well they match the idea of sustain

Ritika Singh, Amity Law School, Amity University, Noida. Trapti Varshney, Amity Law School, Amity University, Noida. ABSTRACT The rapid evolution of generative artificial intelligence has introduced a profound doctrinal challenge to intellectual property law by destabilizing one of its most fundamental assumptions: that legal protection is premised upon identifiable human authorship. Traditional copyright frameworks, both in India and globally, have been constructed on the no

Suhani Skumar, O.P. Jindal Global University Introduction The reverse merger of Yatra Online, an online travel firm, and Terrapin 3 Acquisition Corporation, an American Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPAC), is a leading case for cross-border mergers that depicts private Indian companies using externalization strategies to access global capital markets. The essay below addresses the legal and regulatory aspects of such complex mergers and how SPACs serve as a ‘shortcut’