Inian Balaji K S, Vinayaka Mission's Law School Chinnadurai R, LL.B. (Hons.), Vinayaka Mission’s Law School ABSTRACT The rapid growth of digital technology has significantly transformed the way contracts are created and performed. Today, online transactions and click- wrap agreements have become an unavoidable part of daily commercial life. However, while e-contracts offer convenience and speed, they also create complex legal challenges, especially in cross-border transaction

Lakshyta Singh, LL.M., Hidayatullah National Law University ABSTRACT The last couple of years have seen phenomenal growth in the advertising world, which has brought to the fore the potential of using popular characters, both real and fictional ones for increasing the sale and demand of products and services. Character merchandising is a business tactic used by the owner or the creator of the character to market and sell products and services to such consumers who are drawn t

Ridhima Chauhan, B.A. LL.B. (Hons.), National Law Institute University ABSTRACT The admissibility of evidence is a cornerstone of judicial fairness, yet its application often faces challenges due to procedural rigidity and evolving legal complexities. Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer's judgments demonstrate a transformative approach to evidence law, striking a balance between strict statutory adherence and flexibility in upholding substantive justice. His emphasis on natural justice

Kratika Verma, LLM IPL Scholar, Christ University, Bangalore ABSTRACT The difference between product and process patent has been a revolution in the development of Indian patent jurisprudence. Historically India had adopted process-patent regime under the Patents Act, 1970 in order to ensure access to affordable medicines and promotion of domestic industrial growth. This framework allowed for protection only of the method of manufacture of a product, especially pharmaceutical

Advocate Ranjan Babu Joseph ABSTRACT The question of whether courts possess the power to modify arbitral awards under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 has long been debated in Indian arbitration jurisprudence. The statute, modeled on the UNCITRAL Model Law, deliberately limits judicial intervention and does not expressly provide for modification of arbitral awards, unlike the earlier Arbitration Act, 1940. Judicial precedent initially reinforced this r

Abayatharani. N, B.A.LL.B. (Hons), LLM, Advocate (Madras High Court), The Dr. Ambedkar Law University (School of Excellence in Law) (2023-2025 LLM Batch) ABSTRACT Life of Human beings has seen a drastic difference as a result of Covid-19 Pandemic. The Pandemic has had a significant impact on all walks of human life like their food habits, transportation and the government imposed a strict lockdown in order to curb the disease from spreading. At that point of time people st

Anant Vaibhav, Research Scholar, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh Dr. Ashish Kumar Shukla, Assistant Professor, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh ABSTRACT This article undertakes an examination of recent human trafficking patterns in India by drawing upon data published in the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) Report, 2023, and situating these findings within the broader legal and institutional architectu

Komal Haokip Chaurasia, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) ABSTRACT The rapid expansion of influencer marketing has transformed digital advertising into a decentralized ecosystem in which commercial promotion is embedded within personal content, complicating traditional frameworks of liability, attribution, and consumer protection. Unlike conventional advertising models that clearly identify corporate advertisers as primary accountable actors, influencer marketing diffuses resp

Shaili Meena, LLM, Gujarat National Law University, Gandhinagar ABSTRACT The present paper explores the remarkable journey that the understanding and recognition of gender-based violence has gone through. Gender based violence (GBV) was initially recognised as collateral damage of war. Now, after decades of work, it has become a significant factor in deciding international criminal accountability. By tracing the historical trajectory from the Lieber Code and the Nuremberg tri

Paranjay Deshwal, Jindal Global Law School ABSTRACT Nearly 95% of India’s trade by volume is managed by the maritime industry which remains central to the nation’s economic development ambitions. Ship management companies operating in India face structural, regulatory, financial and operational challenges in spite of this strategic significance. This paper argues that India’s maritime governance is still structurally fragmented resulting in operational inefficiencies and comp

Gaurav Anumula, Dharmashastra National Law University ABSTRACT This article discusses the rise of third-party funding (TPF) as a transformative mechanism in Indian dispute resolution, especially with the increasing costs of commercial arbitration, infrastructure litigation and real estate disputes. Tracing its evolution from the Privy Council’s nuanced rejected of the English champerty doctrines in Ram Coomar Coondoo to the Supreme Court’s recognition that TPF enables meritor

Shruti Vijay Naikude, Jindal Global Law School ABSTRACT The Prohibition of Benami Transactions Act, 2016 aims at eliminating concealed property ownership and curbing the circulation of unaccounted wealth. Real Estate has historically been the primary tool for benami transactions. It allows individuals to keep black money, manipulate property ownership and obscure beneficial ownership. The Act introduces a comprehensive mechanism with strict penalties and institutional bodies

R. Gayatri, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore ABSTRACT This paper critically examines the persistent tension between moral rights and commercial rights under the Indian Copyright Act, 1957, with specific reference to the film and music industries. Moral rights which are codified under Section 57 of the Act, primarily confines the right of paternity (attribution) and the right of integrity. These rights are conceptualised as inalienable, perpetual, and enduring beyon

Swati Giri, National Law Institute University, Bhopal Khushi Dhingra, Animesh Chaturvedi, National Law Institute University, Bhopal ABSTRACT The identification of beneficial ownership has emerged as a central pillar of global corporate transparency reform, driven by concerns relating to money laundering, tax evasion, corruption, and illicit financial flows. The Indian regime seeks to pierce formal shareholding patterns and trace ultimate natural persons who own or exercise co

Aarthi Amaravanan, BBA LLB (Hons), Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University ABSTRACT Cross-border fertility tourism, or cross-border reproductive care (CBRC), has emerged as a significant legal and regulatory challenge in the era of globalised healthcare. It refers to the movement of individuals or couples across national borders to access assisted reproductive technologies (ART), including in vitro fertilisation, gamete donation, and surrogacy, in jurisdictions where such serv

Hannah Deena James, School of Law, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) ABSTRACT Industrial production is a mainstay of economic growth in India; however, the externalities of industrial activities are becoming less tenable. Industrial pollution continues to cause damage to air, water, and land resources and cause substantial damage to public health, despite a comprehensive statutory framework and regulatory bodies. The main tools of enforcing environmental regulations are civil,

Tannistha, National Law Institute University, Bhopal Swabhiman Swarup, National Law University, Odisha ABSTRACT Social media is an indispensable part of modern life, particularly for minors, who utilize these platforms for self-expression, education, and social interaction.1 However, the risks posed by unregulated access—including cyberbullying, data exploitation, online grooming, and exposure to harmful content—have led governments to explore regulatory measures such as soci

S Srinivasa Sathyanarayanan, LLM (Corporate and Commercial Law), Christ University, Bangalore ABSTRACT The judgment of the Supreme Court in Vanashakti v. Union of India (2025 INSC 718) is a landmark case that stipulates such a doctrine and beyond that defines the principle of ex post facto Environmental Clearance (EC) as utterly foreign to environmental jurisprudence. This remark comments on the invalidation of the 2017 Notification and 2021 Office Memorandum by the Court, wh

Ashish Panda, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore ABSTRACT India’s space industry is undergoing significant change. The Indian Space Policy 2023 broke the state’s decades-long monopoly, opening commercial opportunities and enabling private participation. While the Competition Act 2002 is theoretically suited to space activities, its design needs recalibration for a commercial space economy. The shift from ISRO’s centralised control to a market-driven environment has r

Sicily Sojan (LL.M.) & Prof. Dr. Valarmathi R ABSTRACT Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999, was enacted for the primary objective of protecting the goods of specific regions through the recognition of the interrelationship between the quality of the product and the geographical indicator. Though the overall framework is consistent with India’s TRIPS obligations and has been effective in promoting a substantial increase in the overall numb