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Criminal Procedural Code To Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita: A Paradigm Shift
Ananth P, Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu Kalaivanan S, Government Law College, Theni, Tamil Nadu ABSTRACT The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS), replaces the colonial-era CrPC and aims to modernize India’s criminal procedure by promoting faster, more efficient justice and stronger protection of citizen rights. This research examines whether BNSS brings real reform or simply rebrands old practices. It compar
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
Sovereigns Of The Data Realm: Jurisdictional Overlaps And Forum Shopping Between The Competition Commission Of India And The Data Protection Board Of India
Tejas Shukla, Amity University Madhya Pradesh ABSTRACT India spent the better part of a decade arguing about whether it needed a data protection law, and almost no time at all asking what would happen to the regulators it already had once that law arrived. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act of 2023 has now created a Data Protection Board, a specialised adjudicator for the misuse of personal data. But personal data was, by then, already being policed from another directi
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
The Ladder Of Appeals: Section 34 Review And The Erosion Of Arbitral Finality In India
Advay Burman, BA.LLB (Hons.), Jindal Global Law School ABSTRACT This paper critically examines how the Indian legal system deals with this paradox at the post-award stage. Firstly, this paper argues that Indian courts have converted what was formulated to be a narrow supervisory channel into a near-appellate mechanism via an expansive interpretation of the grounds for setting aside awards under Section 34 of the Act, compounded by the appellate route under Section 37. This in
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
Fossil Fuel Phase Out And Climate Regulation In Investor-State Arbitration: Rethinking Permanent Sovereignty Over Natural Resources
Anjali Kumari, LLM, NALSAR University of Law ABSTRACT International energy investment law and international climate law face an imminent conflict. An investor-state arbitral tribunal granted the claimant about €190 million after Italy refused to extend an offshore oil exploration license because it violated their energy transition program without examining Italy’s Paris Agreement obligations or its sovereign right to decide how to use its natural resources according to the Pe
IJLLR Journal
Jun 252 min read
The Charade Of Just Compensation: A Critical Review Of The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
Aaditya Singh, LL.M. Candidate (Business and Corporate Law), Symbiosis Law School, Noida, Symbiosis International (Deemed University) ABSTRACT This essay critically analyzes the process of motor vehicle accident claims in India from a legal point of view. Even after statutory changes and judicial interventions, the victims still suffer from delays, low compensation, and systemic inconsistencies. The analysis identifies three main issues: whether or not the existing system off
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
The Right To Disconnect: Bridging The Legal Gap In India's Digital Work Era
K R Ajay Krishna, The Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University, Chennai. R Yuvarani, The Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University, Chennai. ABSTRACT In the contemporary digital era, the nature of work has undergone a significant transformation, blurring the boundaries between professional obligations and personal life. With the rapid expansion of technology and remote work practices, employees are increasingly expected to remain connected beyond prescribed working hours. This con
IJLLR Journal
Jun 252 min read
The “Public Interest Test” In Indian Anti- Dumping Law: Discrepancy Between The DGTR & The Ministry Of Finance
Asad Daniyal Akhtar, LL.M., NALSAR University of Law ABSTRACT India’s anti-dumping regime functions through a dual-authority framework: the Directorate General of Trade Remedies (“DGTR”) investigates and recommends anti-dumping duties, while the Ministry of Finance (“MoF”) decides whether to impose them. This structure has produced a widening gap in how “public interest” is interpreted. The DGTR’s economic analysis focuses on protecting the domestic industry. At the same time
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
The Role Of Lokpal And Lokayukta In Combating Elite Deviance In India
Yuvaraj D, LL.M., The Tamilnadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University ABSTRACT Corruption operates as a severe systemic impediment to democratic governance, economic equity, and the rule of law in India. While traditional criminal jurisprudence effectively addresses conventional street offenses, the Indian state struggles profoundly with "elite deviance"—the sophisticated, large-scale malfeasance perpetrated by individuals occupying the highest echelons of political and bureaucratic po
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
Role Of The Supreme Court In Protecting Fundamental Rights In The Digital Era
Dr. Dhananjay Madheshia, Deen Dayal Upadhayaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur/Buddha Law College, Sec 7 GIDA Gorakhpur Diwakar Prasad Dwivedi, Deen Dayal Upadhayaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur/Buddha Law College, Sec 7 GIDA Gorakhpur ABSTRACT The rapid expansion of digital instruments has fundamentally altered human interaction, governance, commerce, education, and global connectivity. Within the Indian landscape, the growing dependency on the internet, social platforms, a
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
The Scope Of Community Service As A Punishment Under The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023
Dr. Dhananjay Madheshia, Deen Dayal Upadhayaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur/ Buddha Law College, Sec 7 GIDA Gorakhpur Diwakar Prasad Dwivedi, Deen Dayal Upadhayaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur/ Buddha Law College, Sec 7 GIDA Gorakhpur ABSTRACT The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023 signifies a major shift in India's criminal justice landscape by replacing the Indian Penal Code, 1860. A key innovation within the BNS is the introduction of community service as a penalty fo
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
Digital Arrest Fraud In India: Psychological Manipulation, Cyber-Forensic Challenges, And The Need For A Coordinated Legal Response
Dr. Surinder Kalyan, Associate Professor, School of Law, NIILM University, Kaithal (Haryana) ABSTRACT The rise of digital communication technology has revolutionized way in which economic activities, governmental governance systems social engagements take place. On flip side, rise in these technologies provides grounds for cybercriminals to come up with highly complex schemes of deception. Digital arrest is one of latest examples of fraudsters exploiting cyber space to defrau
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
The Rights Of Prisoners In India With Respect To Human Rights - An Analytical Study
Ms. Monisha. M, Assistant Professor, Soundarya College of Law Ms. Lasya. V, B.Com. LLB, Soundarya College of Law ABSTRACT The recognition of unenumerated rights within the Indian Constitution reflects a commitment to a just and inclusive society. The Indian Constitution explicitly enumerates certain rights but also expands beyond some specific provisions. The unenumerated rights of prisoners encompasses broader principles such as due process, fair treatment and humane conditi
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
Analysing The Constitutional Limits On Adolescent Autonomy In The Evolving Society Through The Lens Of POCSO, 2012
Abhiruchi Lakras, Assistant Professor, School of Law, G.H. Raisoni Skill Tech University, Nagpur ABSTRACT The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 criminalises sexual activity involving persons below the age of eighteen years. This has sparked debate about adolescent autonomy, consent and evolving capacities between those involved in the activity. Criminalizing all sexual activity in the particular age bracket is seen as a means to protect vulnerability, but
IJLLR Journal
Jun 251 min read
Reconstructing Consent Under The POCSO Act: Early Puberty, Adolescent Agency, And Article 21
Dr. Neha Damani, Postdoctoral Fellow, ICSSRVisiting Faculty, University College of Law, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur ABSTRACT The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (POCSO) was enacted to provide strong legal protection to children against sexual abuse and exploitation. By fixing eighteen years as the age of consent and adopting a strict liability framework, the Act treats all sexual activity involving persons below this age as non-consensual in la
IJLLR Journal
Jun 232 min read
Gig Work And Labour Law In India: From Recognition To Protection
Bhavanya E K & Divyasri P, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan University ABSTRACT The gig economy has reshaped labour relations in India by creating flexible, platform-based work in sectors such as ride-hailing, food delivery, and quick commerce. While these platforms describe workers as independent contractors or “partners” they exercise significant control through algorithms that determine task allocation, ratings, incentives, earnings, and deactivation. This creates a serious legal c
IJLLR Journal
Jun 231 min read
Comparative Constitutionalism And The Protection Of Fundamental Rights: A Comparative Study Of India, South Africa, And The United States
Sakshi, LL.M., Department of Law, BPSMV, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana; UGC-NET Qualified ABSTRACT Comparative Constitutionalism has emerged as an important field of constitutional scholarship that examines the exchange of constitutional ideas, principles, and judicial practices across different jurisdictions. In an increasingly interconnected legal landscape, constitutional courts frequently engage with foreign constitutional experiences while addressing complex questions
IJLLR Journal
Jun 232 min read
Consumer Consent And Data Monetization Practices In Digital Business Models
Vaishnavi Bhoi, B.A. LL.B., Manikchand Pahade Law College, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra, India ABSTRACT In today’s digital age, online platforms collect and use large amounts of consumer data for various purposes such as advertisements, marketing, and other business purposes. Although these practices help companies to improve their services, they also raise concerns regarding privacy, transparency and misuse of personal information of users. This paper examines cons
IJLLR Journal
Jun 231 min read
Artificial Intelligence And Criminal Justice System In India
Ms. Rushil Midha, Assistant Professor, Geeta University, Naultha, Panipat Mr. Rupesh Kumar, Advocate, Patna High Court ABSTRACT Artificial Intelligence’s (AI) involvement into various aspects of governance signifies a transformative shift in addressing intricate societal challenges, particularly in adjudication and sentencing. This article provides an idea on India’s criminal justice framework, offering a critical analysis of its current implementations, prospective advanceme
IJLLR Journal
Jun 231 min read
Digital And Climate Colonialism Through Artificial Intelligence
Laasya Adury, LLM, Jindal Global Law School ABSTARCT This paper aims to highlight how the Global South is disproportionately burdened with the negative consequences of the AI boom. Global South Nations are already in a vulnerable position when it comes to climate change and sustainable development, and the slew of climate related burdens that AI bring about will worsen this. The rapid growth of these technologies necessitates more hardware or massive infrastructure developmen
IJLLR Journal
Jun 231 min read
Voting Behaviour And Civic Education In The Digital Age: A Systematic Review Of Political Awareness, Democratic Participation, And Electoral Engagement
Divya P, SKP Law College ABSTRACT Democratic governance depends upon informed and active citizens who participate effectively in electoral and civic processes. Voting behaviour remains a critical indicator of democratic participation and reflects the extent to which citizens engage with political institutions and public affairs. In recent years, civic education has emerged as a significant factor influencing political knowledge, voter participation, political efficacy, and de
IJLLR Journal
Jun 231 min read
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